Townes and his students at Columbia University built a working prototype maser based on ammonia molecules in In , Theodore Maiman at Hughes Research Laboratories demonstrated the first visible-wavelength laser based on synthetic ruby materials. Townes shared the Physics Nobel prize for developing the maser, along with Nicolay Basov and Aleksander Prokhorov who developed the device independently in Russia.
In , he became a professor-at-large at the University of California, Berkeley, where he remained for the rest of his career. He helped develop short-wave radio telescopes there and microwave spectrometers to hunt for complex molecules in space.
He was the first to discover ammonia and water vapor near the center of our galaxy. He also helped develop a number of other tools and techniques for studying space in the infrared spectrum.
View all Famous War worksheets. View all famous figure worksheets. View all President worksheets. View all author worksheets. View all musician worksheets. View all inventor worksheets. View all athlete worksheets. View all civil rights worksheets. View all natural wonders worksheets. View all landmark worksheets.
View all US state worksheets. View all country worksheets. View all Seasonal worksheets. View all mammal worksheets. View all marine life worksheets. View all insect worksheets. View all Bird worksheets. View all natural world worksheets. View all earth science worksheets. View all biology worksheets. View all space worksheets. In early , the first amplification and generation of electromagnetic waves by stimulated emission were obtained. Townes and his brother-in-law, Dr.
Schawlow , for some time a professor at Stanford University but now deceased, showed theoretically that masers could be made to operate in the optical and infrared region and proposed how this could be accomplished in particular systems. This work resulted in their joint paper on optical and infrared masers, or lasers light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation. Other research has been in the fields of nonlinear optics, radio astronomy, and infrared astronomy.
He and his assistants detected the first complex molecules in interstellar space and first measured the mass of the black hole in the center of our galaxy. As Provost he shared with the President responsibility for general supervision of the educational and research programs of the Institute. In , he became Institute Professor at M. He was appointed University Professor at the University of California in In this position Dr.
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