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Thank you for sharing our content. A message has been sent to your recipient's email address with a link to the content webpage. Your name: is required Error: This is required. Your email: is required Error: This is required Error: Not a valid value. Send to: is required Error: This is required Error: Not a valid value. Symptoms of ectopic pregnancy If you have an ectopic pregnancy, you might experience: One-sided abdominal pain — typically on one side of your abdomen tummy , which can be persistent and severe.
Bowel pain — you may experience pain when passing urine or stools. How is ectopic pregnancy diagnosed? Some of the tests used to diagnose an ectopic pregnancy include: vaginal ultrasound blood tests keyhole surgery How is an ectopic pregnancy treated?
Signs of a ruptured fallopian tube are: sudden, severe, sharp pain feeling faint and dizzy feeling nauseous or vomiting diarrhoea shoulder tip pain A ruptured fallopian tube is a medical emergency. Why does an ectopic pregnancy happen? The following are all associated with an increased risk of ectopic pregnancy: pelvic inflammatory disease PID — an infection of the female reproductive system , typically caused by chlamydia smoking having a previous history of ectopic pregnancies previous surgery on your fallopian tubes — such as an unsuccessful female sterilisation procedure, or other surgery in your pelvis or abdomen fertility treatment, such as IVF — taking medication to stimulate ovulation the release of an egg can increase the risk of ectopic pregnancy becoming pregnant while using an intrauterine device IUD or intrauterine system IUS for contraception — it's rare to get pregnant while using these, but if you do you're more likely to have an ectopic pregnancy becoming pregnant while using the mini progesterone-only pill having endometriosis increasing age — the risk is highest for pregnant women who are aged In around half of all cases, there are no obvious risk factors.
Support The loss of your pregnancy at any stage can have a huge impact on you and your partner. Trying for another pregnancy It is normally recommended that you wait for at least 2 menstrual cycles before trying for another pregnancy, as this will allow time for your fallopian tubes to recover if treated with methotrexate, you will need to wait at least 3 to 4 months.
Back To Top. Ectopic pregnancy - MyDr. Why and when to get tested for hCG. Call us and speak to a Maternal Child Health Nurse for personal advice and guidance. Need further advice or guidance from our maternal child health nurses? Here's what to watch for. Blocked fallopian tubes can affect fertility, but with treatment, some women can go on to have healthy pregnancies. Learn how to cope with the depression associated with miscarriage. A new study finds that epidurals do not affect child development in their later years.
A fetal arrhythmia is an irregular heart rate — too fast, too slow, or otherwise outside the norm. It's often benign. Postpartum diarrhea after a C-section is normal. Health Conditions Discover Plan Connect. Parenthood Pregnancy Ectopic Pregnancy. Medically reviewed by Debra Rose Wilson, Ph. What causes an ectopic pregnancy? In some cases, the following conditions have been linked with an ectopic pregnancy: inflammation and scarring of the fallopian tubes from a previous medical condition, infection, or surgery hormonal factors genetic abnormalities birth defects medical conditions that affect the shape and condition of the fallopian tubes and reproductive organs Your doctor may be able to give you more specific information about your condition.
Who is at risk for an ectopic pregnancy? Risk factors increase with any of the following: maternal age of 35 years or older history of pelvic surgery, abdominal surgery, or multiple abortions history of pelvic inflammatory disease PID history of endometriosis conception occurred despite tubal ligation or intrauterine device IUD conception aided by fertility drugs or procedures smoking history of ectopic pregnancy history of sexually transmitted diseases STDs , such as gonorrhea or chlamydia having structural abnormalities in the fallopian tubes that make it hard for the egg to travel If you have any of the above risk factors, talk to your doctor.
What are the symptoms of an ectopic pregnancy? Diagnosing an ectopic pregnancy. Treating ectopic pregnancy. Medication Your doctor may decide that immediate complications are unlikely. These include: cramping bleeding the passing of tissue Further surgery is rarely required after this occurs. Surgery Many surgeons suggest removing the embryo and repairing any internal damage. Home care Your doctor will give you specific instructions regarding the care of your incisions after surgery.
Sometimes it happens when there's a problem with the fallopian tubes, such as them being narrow or blocked. You can't always prevent an ectopic pregnancy, but you can reduce your risk by using a condom when not trying for a baby to protect yourself against STIs, and by stopping smoking if you smoke.
Page last reviewed: 27 November Next review due: 27 November Symptoms of an ectopic pregnancy An ectopic pregnancy doesn't always cause symptoms and may only be detected during a routine pregnancy scan.
If you do have symptoms, they tend to develop between the 4th and 12th week of pregnancy. Symptoms can include a combination of: a missed period and other signs of pregnancy tummy pain low down on 1 side vaginal bleeding or a brown watery discharge pain in the tip of your shoulder discomfort when peeing or pooing But these symptoms aren't necessarily a sign of a serious problem. When to get medical advice Contact your GP or call NHS if you have a combination of any of the above symptoms and you might be pregnant — even if you haven't had a positive pregnancy test.
An ectopic pregnancy can be serious, so it's important to get advice right away. Read more about ectopic pregnancy tests. How an ectopic pregnancy is treated There are 3 main treatments for an ectopic pregnancy: expectant management — you're carefully monitored and 1 of the treatments below is used if the fertilised egg doesn't dissolve by itself medication — an injection of a powerful medicine called methotrexate is used to stop the pregnancy growing surgery — keyhole surgery laparoscopy is performed under general anaesthetic to remove the fertilised egg, usually along with the affected fallopian tube You'll be told about the benefits and risks of each option.
Help and support after an ectopic pregnancy Losing a pregnancy can be devastating, and many women feel the same sense of grief as if they had lost a family member or partner. Support groups for people who have been affected by loss of a pregnancy can also help. The more you smoke, the higher the risk. Experts suspect that smoking affects fallopian tube function. A history of pelvic inflammatory disease PID , often caused by chlamydia or gonorrhea.
Exposure to the chemical DES diethylstilbestrol before you were born. Medical treatments and procedures that can increase your risk of having an ectopic pregnancy include: Previous fallopian tube surgery to treat infertility or to reverse a tubal ligation.
A tubal ligation failure. In rare cases when pregnancy happens after a sterilization surgery, there is a higher-than-usual risk that the pregnancy is ectopic. A progestin-only birth control failure, such as progestin-only pills, or a pregnancy that happens with an intrauterine device IUD in place.
This may result from the passing of the fertilized egg into a fallopian tube after it is transferred to the uterus. Infection after any kind of surgery done on the uterus or fallopian tubes. This can lead to scar tissue. When should you call your doctor? Call or other emergency services immediately if: You passed out lost consciousness. You have severe vaginal bleeding. You have sudden, severe pain in your belly or pelvis. Call your doctor now or seek immediate medical care if: You are dizzy or light-headed, or you feel like you may faint.
You have vaginal bleeding. You have new cramps or new pain in your belly or pelvis. You have new pain in your shoulder. Who to see Your family doctor , general practitioner , or an emergency medicine specialist can check you for an ectopic pregnancy. Examinations and Tests Most ectopic pregnancies can be detected using a pelvic examination, ultrasound, and blood tests. If you have symptoms of a possible ectopic pregnancy, you will have: A pelvic examination, which can detect tenderness in the uterus or fallopian tubes, less enlargement of the uterus than expected for a pregnancy, or a mass in the pelvic area.
A pelvic ultrasound transvaginal or abdominal , which uses sound waves to produce a picture of the organs and structures in the lower abdomen. A transvaginal ultrasound is used to show where a pregnancy is located. A pregnancy in the uterus is visible 6 weeks after the last menstrual period. An ectopic pregnancy is likely if there are no signs of an embryo or fetus in the uterus as expected, but hCG levels are elevated or rising. Two or more blood tests of pregnancy hormone human chorionic gonadotropin, or hCG levels, taken 48 hours apart.
During the early weeks of a normal pregnancy, hCG levels double every 2 days. Low or slowly increasing levels of hCG in the blood suggest an early abnormal pregnancy, such as an ectopic pregnancy or a miscarriage. If hCG levels are abnormally low, further testing is done to find the cause. Follow-up testing after treatment During the week after treatment for an ectopic pregnancy, your hCG human chorionic gonadotropin blood levels are tested several times.
What to think about If you become pregnant and are at high risk for an ectopic pregnancy , you will be closely watched. Treatment Overview In most cases, an ectopic pregnancy is treated right away to avoid rupture and severe blood loss.
Medicine Using methotrexate to end an ectopic pregnancy spares you from an incision and general anesthesia. Methotrexate is most likely to work: When your pregnancy hormone levels human chorionic gonadotropin, or hCG are low less than 5, When the embryo has no heart activity.
Surgery If you have an ectopic pregnancy that is causing severe symptoms, bleeding, or high hCG levels, surgery is usually needed. Expectant management For an early ectopic pregnancy that appears to be naturally miscarrying aborting on its own, you may not need treatment. If hCG levels do not drop or bleeding does not stop after taking methotrexate, your next step may be surgery. If you have surgery, you may take methotrexate afterward.
What to think about Surgery versus medicine Methotrexate is usually the first treatment choice for ending an early ectopic pregnancy. Regular follow-up blood tests are needed for days to weeks after the medicine is injected. There are different types of surgery for a tubal ectopic pregnancy.
As long as you have one healthy fallopian tube, salpingostomy a small tubal slit and salpingectomy part of a tube is removed have about the same effect on your future fertility.
Although surgery is a faster treatment, it can cause scar tissue that could cause future pregnancy problems. Tubal surgery may damage the fallopian tube, depending on where and how big the embryo is and the type of surgery needed. Prevention You cannot prevent ectopic pregnancy, but you can prevent serious complications with early diagnosis and treatment. Home Treatment If you are at risk for having an ectopic pregnancy and you think you may be pregnant, use a home pregnancy test.
Concerns about future pregnancy If you have had an ectopic pregnancy, you may worry about your chances of having a healthy or ectopic pregnancy in the future. Medications Medicine can only be used for early ectopic pregnancies that have not ruptured. Medicine is most likely to work when an early ectopic pregnancy is not causing bleeding and: Your pregnancy hormone hCG, or human chorionic gonadotropin level is low less than 5, The embryo has no heart activity.
Medicine choices Methotrexate is used to stop the growth of an early ectopic pregnancy. What to think about Methotrexate treatment is usually the first choice for ending an early ectopic pregnancy. Methotrexate versus surgery If your ectopic pregnancy is not too far advanced and has not ruptured, methotrexate may be a treatment option for you. Surgery choices An ectopic pregnancy can be removed from a fallopian tube by using salpingostomy or salpingectomy. The ectopic growth is removed through a small, lengthwise cut in the fallopian tube linear salpingostomy.
The cut is left to close by itself or is stitched closed. A fallopian tube segment is removed. The remaining healthy fallopian tube may be reconnected. Salpingectomy is needed when the fallopian tube is being stretched by the pregnancy and may rupture or when it has already ruptured or is very damaged.
What to think about When an ectopic pregnancy is located in an unruptured fallopian tube, every attempt is made to remove the pregnancy without removing or damaging the tube. Future fertility Your future fertility and your risk of having another ectopic pregnancy will be affected by your own risk factors.
Medical management of ectopic pregnancy. Obstetrics and Gynecology, 6 : — Cunningham FG, et al. Ectopic pregnancy. In Williams Obstetrics, 23rd ed. New York: McGraw-Hill. Fritz MA, Speroff L In Clinical Gynecologic Endocrinology and Infertility, 8th ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins. Early pregnancy risks.
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